book Maths Puzzle Numerical Ability

Help Please!
Problem:
Jon and Lauren have a combined income of 48,000. Lauren earns 3,000 more than half of what Jon earns. How much does each earn?

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book Other Question

find the equation of the line perpendicular to line "b" and passing throught the point (4, -7). 2x+3y-z=7
5x+4y+2y=-3
-3x-2y-3z=8

Need to figure out what x, y, and z are and I'm totally lost.