Q. Difference between formal argument and actual argument?

A. Formal arguments are the arguments available in the function definition. They are preceded by their own data type. Actual arguments are available in the function call. These arguments are given as constants or variables or expressions to pass the values to the function.

• The arguments passed to the functions are called actual arguments.
  The arguments declared in the function definition is called as formal arguments.
  int addition(int a, int b) /* a and b are formal arguments*/
  {
  ...
  }
  
  void main()
  {
  int i
  ....
  i = addition(1,2); /* 1 and 2 are called actual arguments*/
  ...
  }
  
  Source:- http://tech.queryhome.com/23259/argument-differentiate-between-arguments-actual-arguments?show=47884#a47884
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