Spurious tuples may occur due to
i. Bad normalization
ii. Theta joins
iii. Updating tables from join
option
a) i & ii
b) ii & iii
c) i & iii
d) ii & iii

• ans is c 1 and 3
  bcz spurious tuples occurs due to bad normalization obviously and updatind tables from join option and taking the missing entries also as in left outer join or right outer join.
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