Book Maths Puzzle Algebra

If a pair of trousers takes one-and-a-half as much cloth as a shirt, and the total cloth used for the trousers and the shirt is $50, how much does the cloth for the trousers cost?

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Book Other Question

I need to find the value of v in the following log.
v=log(base 2)(1/4)
If I do as the law says, I come up with -2. But the book is showing 22. Am I doing this wrong or is the books answer wrong.
Add and simplify (if possible): (10/x^2+x-6)+(3x/x^2-4x+4)