Book Maths Puzzle Co-ordinate geometry

What is the slope of a line passing through points (5,3) and (4,1).

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Book Other Question

If 3 is subtrcted from four times a number, the result is 10 less than five times the number. Find the number. I have a 3 variable equation similar to the one answered earlier but I still can't grasp it because variables are missing. Can someone solve it to get me on track?

x + 2y + z =6
x + y =4
3x + y + z =8