exam Maths Puzzle Numerical Ability

I really need help:
In 5 years Chim will be three times as old as Jared. The sum of their ages is 42. How old are Chim and Jared.

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exam Other Question

A bus leaves a station at 1P.M., traveling west at an average rate of 44 mi/h. At 2P.M. on the same day a second bus leaves the same station, traveling east at a rate of 48 mi/h. Approximately at what time will the two buses be 274 miles apart? I just can't seem to grasp the real, rational, irrational, and integer numbers. Any advice for what might be getting in the way of me knowing this stuff?