1 What is ElectronicThe study and use of electrical devices that operate by controlling the flow of electrons or other electrically charged particles 2 What is communicationCommunication means transferring a signal from the transmitter which passes through a medium then the output is obtained at the receiver orcommunication says as transferring of message from one place to another place called communication3 Different types of communications ExplainAnalog and digital communicationAs a technology analog is the process of taking an audio or video signal the human voice and translating it into electronic pulses Digital on the other hand is breaking the signal into a binary format the audio or video data is represented by a series of 1s and 0sDigital signals are immune to noise quality of transmission and reception is good components used in digital communication can be produced with high precision and power consumption is also very less when compared with analog signals4 What is samplingThe process of obtaining a set of samples from a continuous function of time xt is referred to as sampling5 State sampling theoremIt states that while taking the samples of a continuous signal it has to be taken care that the sampling rate is equal to or greater than twice the cut off frequency and the minimum sampling rate is known as the Nyquist rate6 What is cut-off frequencyThe frequency at which the response is -3dB with respect to the maximum response7 What is pass bandPassband is the range of frequencies or wavelengths that can pass through a filter without being attenuated8 What is stop bandA stopband is a band of frequencies between specified limits in which a circuit such as a filter or telephone circuit does not let signals through or the attenuation is above the required stopband attenuation level9 Explain RFRadio frequency RF is a frequency or rate of oscillation within the range of about 3 Hz to 300 GHz This range corresponds to frequency of nating current electrical signals used to produce and detect radio waves Since most of this range is beyond the vibration rate that most mechanical systems can respond to RF usually refers to oscillations in electrical circuits or electromagnetic radiation10 What is modulation And it is utilizedModulation is the process of varying some characteristic of a periodic wave with an external signalsRadio communication superimposes this information bearing signal onto a carrier signalThese high frequency carrier signals can be transmitted over the air easily and are capable of travelling long distancesThe characteristics amplitude frequency or phase of the carrier signal are varied in accordance with the information bearing signalModulation is utilized to send an information bearing signal over long distances11 What is demodulationDemodulation is the act of removing the modulation from an analog signal to get the original baseband signal back Demodulating is necessary because the receiver system receives a modulated signal with specific characteristics and it needs to turn it to base-band12 Name the modulation techniquesFor Analog modulation--AM SSB FM PM and SMDigital modulation--OOK FSK ASK Psk QAM MSK CPM PPM TCM OFDM13 Explain AM and FMAM-Amplitude modulation is a type of modulation the amplitude of the carrier signal is varied in accordance with the information bearing signalFM-Frequency modulation is a type of modulation the frequency of the carrier signal is varied in accordance with the information bearing signal14 Where do we use AM and FMAM is used for video signals for example TV Ranges from 535 to 1705 kHzFM is used for audio signals for example Radio Ranges from 88 to 108 MHz15 What is a base stationBase station is a radio receivertransmitter that serves as the hub of the local wireless network and may also be the gateway between a wired network and the wireless network16 How many satellites are required to cover the earth3 satellites are required to cover the entire earth which is placed at 120 degree to each other The life span of the satellite is about 15 years17 What is a repeaterA repeater is an electronic device that receives a signal and retransmits it at a higher level andor higher power or onto the other side of an obstruction so that the signal can cover longer distances without degradation 18 What is an AmplifierAn electronic device or electrical circuit that is used to boost amplify the power voltage or current of an applied signal19 Example for negative feedback and positive feedbackExample for ve feedback is ---Amplifiers And for ve feedback is Oscillators20 What is OscillatorAn oscillator is a circuit that creates a waveform output from a direct current input The two main types of oscillator are harmonic and relaxation The harmonic oscillators have smooth curved waveforms while relaxation oscillators have waveforms with sharp changes21 What is an Integrated CircuitAn integrated circuit IC also called a microchip is an electronic circuit etched onto a silicon chip Their main advantages are low cost low power high performance and very small size22 What is crosstalkCrosstalk is a form of interference caused by signals in nearby conductors The most common example is hearing an unwanted conversation on the telephone Crosstalk can also occur in radios televisions networking equipment and even electric guitars23 What is resistorA resistor is a two-terminal electronic component that opposes an electric current by producing a voltage between its terminals in proportion to the current that is in accordance with Ohms lawV IR25 What is inductorAn inductor is a passive electrical device employed in electrical circuits for its property of inductance An inductor can take many forms26 What is conductorA substance body or device that readily conducts heat electricity sound etc Copper is a good conductor of electricity27 What is a semi conductorA semiconductor is a solid material that has electrical conductivity in between that of a conductor and

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